In The Name Of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful.
Sura Al-Ahqaf (Arabic: سورة الأحقاف ) ("The wind-Curved Sandhills) is the 46th (Juz 26) sura of the Quran with 35 ayat. Prophet Muhammad SAW pbuh is ordained to relate to the people of Quraish not to worship other gods, but only Allah, the One and Only. For this section, we shall focus on Surah Al-Ahqaf (46) ayat 1 to 14.
Historical Background
The 10th year of the Prophethood was a year of extreme persecution and
distress in the Holy prophet's life. The Quraish and the other tribes had
continued their boycott of the Bani Hashim and the Muslims for three years and
the Holy Prophet and the people of his family and Companions lay besieged in
Shi'b Abi Talib. The Quraish had blocked up this locality from every side so
that no supplies of any kind could reach the besieged people. Only during the
Hajj season they were allowed to come out and buy some articles of necessity.
But even at that time whenever Abu Lahab noticed any of them approaching the
market place or a trading caravan he would call out to the merchants exhorting
them to announce forbidding rates of their articles for them, and would pledge
that he himself would buy those articles so that they did not suffer any loss.
This boycott which continued uninterrupted for three years had broken the back
of the Muslims and the Bani Hashim; so much so that at times they were even
forced to eat grass and the leaves of trees.
At last, when the siege was lifted, Abu Talib, the Holy
Prophet's uncle, who had been shielding him for ten long years, died, and
hardly a month later his wife, Hadrat Khadijah, who had been a source of peace
and consolation for him ever since the beginning of the call, also passed away.
Because of these tragic incidents, which closely followed each other, the Holy
Prophet used to refer to this year as the year of sorrow and grief.
After the death of Hadart Khadijah and Abu Talib the disbelievers of
Makkah became even bolder against the Holy Prophet. They started treating him
even more harshly. So much so that it became difficult for him to step out of
his house. Of these days Ibn Hisham has related the incident that a Quraish
scoundrel one day threw dust at him openly in the street.
At last, the Holy Prophet left for Ta'if with the intention that he
should invite the Bani Thaqif to Islam, for even if they did not accept Islam,
they might at least be persuaded to allow him to work for his mission
peacefully. He did not have the facility of any conveyance at that time, and
traveled all the way to Ta'if on foot. According to some traditions, he had
gone there alone, but according to others, he was accompanied by Zaid bin
Harithah. He stayed at Ta'if for a few days, and approached each of the chiefs
and nobles of the Bani Thaqif and talked to him about his mission. But not only
they refused to listen to him, but plainly gave him the notice that he should
leave their city, for they feared that his preaching might "spoil"
their younger generation. Thus, he was compelled to leave Ta'if. When he was
leaving the city, the chiefs of Thaqif set their slaves and scoundrels behind
him, who went on crying at him, abusing him and petting him with stones for a
long way from either side of the road till he became broken down with wounds
and his shoes were filled with blood. Wearied and exhausted he took shelter in
the shade of the wall of a garden outside Ta'if, and prayed:
"O God, to Thee I complain of my weakness, little resource, and
lowliness before men. O Most Merciful, Thou art the Lord of the weak, and Thou
art my Lord. To whom wilt Thou confide me? To one afar who will misuse me? Or
to an enemy to whom Thou hast given power over me? If Thou art not angry with
me I care not. Thy favor is more wide for me. I take refuge in the light of Thy
countenance by which the darkness is illumined, and the things of this world
and the next are rightly ordered, lest Thy anger descend upon me or Thy wrath
light upon me. It is for Thee to be satisfied until Thou art well pleased.
There is no power and no might save in Thee." (Ibn Hisham:A. Guillaume's Translation, p. 193).
Grieved and heart broken when he returned and reached near Qarn
al-Manazil, he felt as though the sky was overcast by clouds. He looked up and
saw Gabriel in front of him, who called out: "Allah has heard the way
your people have responded. He has, therefore, sent this angel in charge of the
mountains. You may command him as you please." Then the angel of the mountains greeted
him and submitted : "If you like I would overturn the mountains from
either side upon these people." The Holy Prophet replied : "No, but I
expect that Allah will create from their seed those who will worship none but Allah,
the One." (Bukhari, Dhikr al Mala'ikah; Muslim: Kitab
al-Maghazi; Nasa'i :Al-Bauth).
After this he went to stay for a few days at Makkah, perplexed as to how
he would face the people of Makkah, who, he thought, would be still further
emboldened against him after hearing what had happened at Ta'if. It was here
that one night when he was reciting the Qur'an in the Prayer, a group of the
jinn happened to pass by and listened to the Qur'an, believed in it, and
returned to their people to preach Islam. Thus, Allah gave His Prophet the good
news that if the men were running away from his invitation, there were many of
the jinn, who had become its believers, and they were spreading his message
among their own kind.
Subject Matter and Topics
Such were the conditions when this Surah was sent down. Anyone who keeps
this background in view, on the one hand, and studies this Surah, on the other,
will have no doubt left in his mind that this is not at all the composition of
Muhammad (upon whom be Allah's peace), but "a Revelation from the All
Mighty, All Wise Allah." For nowhere in this Surah, from the beginning
to the end, does one find even a tinge of the human feelings and reactions,
which are naturally produced in a man who is passing through such hard conditions.
Had it been the word of Muhammad (upon whom be Allah's peace) whom the
occurrence of personal griefs one after the other and the countless and the
recent bitter experience at Ta'if had caused extreme anguish and distress, it
would have reflected in some degree the state of the mind of the man who was
the subject of these afflictions and griefs. Consider the prayer that we have
cited above: it contains his own language its every word is saturated with the
feelings that he had at the time. But this Surah which was sent down precisely
in the same period and was recited even by him under the same conditions, is
absolutely free from every sign or trace of the time.
The subject matter of the Surah is to warn the disbelievers of the
errors in which they were involved, and also resisted arrogantly, and were
condemning the man who was trying to redeem them. They regarded the world as a
useless and purposeless place where they were not answerable to anyone. They
thought that invitation to Tauhid was false and stuck to the belief that
their own deities were actually the associates of Allah. They were not inclined
to believe that the Qur'an was the Word of the Lord of the worlds. They had a
strange erroneous concept of apostleship on the basis of which they were proposing
strange criteria of judging the Holy Prophet's claim to it. In their estimation
one great proof of Islam's not being based on the truth was that their elders
and important chiefs of the tribes and so called leaders of their nation were
not accepting it and only a few young men, and some poor folks and some slaves
had affirmed faith in it. They thought that Resurrection and life after death
and the rewards and punishments of the Hereafter were fabrications whose
occurrence was absolutely out of the question.
In this Surah each of these misconceptions has been refuted in a brief
but rational way, and the disbelievers have been warned that if they would
reject the invitation of the Qur'an and the Prophethood of the Prophet Muhammad SAW pbuh, by prejudice and stubbornness instead of trying to
understand its truth rationally, they would only be preparing for their own
doom.
The above historical background of this Surah is extracted from Tafsir (many thanks for his effort and may Allah bless him today and hereafter) by: Sayyid Abul Al Maudud - http://www.englishtafsir.com/Quran/46/index.html
Before we elaborate further, let's listen to the recitation of Surah Al-Ahqaf (46) ayat 1 to 14 and at the same time kindly read the translation of the ayat either in the video or in this section below:-
Surah Al-Ahqaf (46:1 to 14)
Read about Abdullah bin Salam by clicking this link http://www.islamreligion.com/articles/1692/
After reading ayat 1 to 14, in summary what Allah stressed in these ayats are not something new. Allah's law has been revealed in the earlier books, the Zabur (psalms) through Prophet David pbuh, the original scriptures of Prophet Moses pbuh (Torah) and the original scriptures of the Injeel or Bible (via Prophet Isa or name called by the Christian, Jesus pbuh)
The Quriash, during Prophet time as mentioned in the Al Qur'an:
At-Tur (52:29)
Allah gave comfort to Prophet Muhammad SAW pbuh not to be afraid and he is neither a soothsayer (fortune teller) because the Prophet is talking about paradise, hell, sin etc nor he is a madman, talking about something at that time, not within the imagination or minds of the Quraish people.
At-Tur (52:30)
During the time of Prophet Muhammad SAW pbuh, most of the Quraish people can read and write and a number of them, can write good poetry. Poetries were placed along side of the Kaabah for visitors (coming from around the region) to read and provide contributions to the caretakers of the Kaabah. It seems at that time, there were more than 300 idols placed in the Kaabah.
Contrary to some people understanding on Sura Al-Imran (3:20) stating the Arab Pagans are illiterate (do not know how to read and write), the word "ummi" (underlined in red in the ayat below) actually meant that the Arab Pagans at that time does not know about the religion that was brought down by 24 earlier prophets (including to the Jews and Christian where Allah has given them the Scriptures).
It was Allah's plan that although Prophet Muhammad SAW pbuh lived with Abu Talib (his uncle), all his other uncle's (including Abu Lahab) learned to read and write BUT Prophet Muhammad SAW pbuh was never ask to learn to read and write. This is Allah's plan. Otherwise, the unbelievers will use this as an excuse to say the Al Quran is actually written by Prophet Muhammad SAW pbuh.
Al-Imran (3:20)
Allah also affirmed (in below ayat) Prophet Muhammad SAW pbuh, never know poetry.
Yasin (36:69)
Al-Quran is not just to be read with good voice and melody BUT the reader must know its meaning, obey and implement Allah's law. Al Quran is a reminder about the hereafter (day of Judgement) and the life in this world as a bridge to the hereafter. Al Quran is a reminder to the LIVING AND NOT TO THE DEAD.
Yasin (36:70)
At-Tur (52:31)
At-Tur (52:32)
What does sura At-Tur (52:31) means ? Let's look at the answer in Al Alaq (96:6)
Al Alaq (96:6)
Mankind is indeed "transgress all bounds" (can do things evil deeds, disbelief ..beyond limit) especially when they felt that they have everything, has power, position, wealth and do not want to change (to maintain status quo).
At-Tur (52:33-34)
At-Tur (52:35)
At-Tur (52:36)
If the heaven and earth is not created by mankind then why they continue to become a disbeliever?
Al-Ahqaf (46:4)
At-Tur (52:37)
At-Tur (52:38)
At-Tur (52:39)
At-Tur (52:40)
At-Tur (52:41-43)
Al-Ahkaf (46:9)
Luqman (31:34)
Al-Kahf (18:110)
Al-Fath (48:8)
Al-Baqarah (2:143)
Al-Imran (3:110)
The Al Quran is also a guide to the Jinns.
Al-Ahqaf (46:29)
Jinns are created by Allah earlier than mankind.
Adh-Dhariyat (51:56)
If you want to know more about what or who is Jinns, read Surah Al-Jinn (72)
Al-Ahqaf (46:30)
Al-Ahqaf (46:31-32)
Al-Quran is a book of Signs but in today's world, it is difficult to talk about signs when most of the Muslims are not following the true teaching of Islam. Muslims are fighting among each other for power and wealth that resulted in disunity among the Muslims. However, those who are searching for true Islam, perhaps, ayats in relation to signs revealed in the Al Quran, that foretold so many things about this world more than 1,400 years ago and recently proven to to be true by modern scientist (mostly non-Muslim scientist), will make our faith in true Islam stronger. Please visit and read thoroughly this website about scientific discoveries based on the ayats of the Al Quran http://www.muslimconverts.com/science/it-is-truth.org/Index.html
You can also listen to the talk by Dr Zakir Naik on Quran and modern science for more evidence about the contents (ayats) of the Quran
Zakir Naik talk on Quran and Modern Science
Eversince the Qur'an was brought down by Allah through is beloved Prophet Muhammad SAW pbuh, the original texts (ayats) had remained unchanged (in its original Arabic language) and protected by Allah.
Al-Hijr (15:9)
ONLY ALLAH KNOWS BEST
www.alqamar5417.blogspot.com
